Which physical characteristic is associated with Cushing's syndrome?

Cushing's syndrome is primarily characterized by an excess of cortisol in the body, often due to prolonged use of corticosteroid medications or, in some cases, due to tumors causing overproduction of hormones. One of the hallmark physical characteristics of Cushing's syndrome is the presence of a "moon face," which refers to the rounding and fullness of the face. Additionally, the term "buffalo hump" describes the accumulation of fat at the base of the neck and upper back, creating a noticeable hump shape.

These features result from changes in fat distribution that occur due to the hormonal imbalances associated with Cushing's syndrome. Understanding this characteristic is crucial for clinical evaluation, as recognizing these distinct physical signs can assist health professionals in making a timely diagnosis and implementing appropriate treatment strategies.

Although other options like skin pallor, enlarged spleen, and weight loss may be related to different medical conditions or complications, they are not key features of Cushing's syndrome. In fact, weight gain is often more prevalent in individuals with this condition, contrasting with the weight loss noted in other disorders such as hyperthyroidism.