What structures are located in the forebrain and help to control movement?

The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei located in the forebrain that play a crucial role in coordinating movement and motor control. They are involved in the regulation of voluntary motor movements, procedural learning, routine behaviors, and even the emotion-related aspects of movement. The basal ganglia facilitate smooth and purposeful movement by modulating the activity of the motor cortex, and they are fundamental in initiating and inhibiting movements.

The other structures have different primary functions. For example, the cerebellum is primarily responsible for coordinating voluntary movements and balance but is not located in the forebrain; it is actually part of the hindbrain. The cortex, particularly the motor cortex, does contribute to the execution of movement, but it does not specifically control movement in the way the basal ganglia do, as it is primarily involved in higher-level processing and decision-making related to movement. The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information and is involved in regulating consciousness and alertness but does not control movement itself.