What is the crucial question to ask a patient before performing a Group B Streptococcus swab?

The crucial question to ask a patient before performing a Group B Streptococcus (GBS) swab is whether they have a penicillin allergy. This is vital because if the test result is positive, the patient may require antibiotic treatment during labor to prevent potential complications for the newborn. Penicillin is commonly used for this purpose, and knowing about an allergy allows healthcare providers to arrange for alternative antibiotics that are safe for the patient.

This question directly impacts patient safety and treatment plans. If a patient has a known penicillin allergy, it's essential to ensure that appropriate alternatives are available to manage their care effectively without risking an allergic reaction. Other questions, while they may provide useful information about the patient's overall health and obstetric history, do not have the same immediate implications for the management of GBS and necessary interventions.