What causes gestational diabetes?

Gestational diabetes is primarily caused by hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy, specifically from the placenta. As the placenta develops, it begins to produce hormones such as human placental lactogen, cortisol, and progesterone. These hormones can interfere with insulin's ability to effectively regulate blood sugar levels. Consequently, the body may not be able to produce enough insulin to counteract these effects, leading to increased blood glucose levels and the development of gestational diabetes.

While other factors, such as physical activity or genetic predisposition, can contribute to the overall risk of developing gestational diabetes, the direct cause lies in the hormonal changes associated with the placenta. Insufficient insulin production after pregnancy would not be applicable, as gestational diabetes specifically arises during pregnancy due to these placental hormones. Therefore, understanding the role of the placenta in this condition is crucial for comprehending gestational diabetes.