Should lithium serum levels be checked regularly?

Regular monitoring of lithium serum levels is essential to prevent toxicity. Lithium is a mood stabilizer commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. It has a narrow therapeutic range, meaning that the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose is minimal. Elevated levels can lead to toxicity, resulting in symptoms such as tremors, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, confusion, and, in severe cases, seizures or renal failure.

Routine monitoring allows healthcare providers to ensure that lithium levels remain within the therapeutic range, typically between 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L, and to adjust dosages as necessary. This proactive approach helps to prevent complications associated with both subtherapeutic levels and lithium toxicity.

While lithium serum levels may be most closely monitored during the initiation of treatment, regular checks are crucial throughout the entire course of therapy. This is particularly important as changes in dosage, diet, hydration status, and concurrent medications can affect serum levels.